Yellowface — R. F. Kuang
Contains spoilersOverview
Yellowface follows June Hayward, a midlist white novelist whose career stalls while her former classmate, the dazzling Athena Liu, becomes a literary icon. After a sudden tragedy upends their orbit, June finds herself thrust into the spotlight with a World War I novel about the Chinese Labour Corps—instantly hailed as urgent and important. But acclaim brings scrutiny. As June is rebranded as Juniper Song and fed through publishing’s publicity machine, questions of authorship, authenticity, and identity converge into a storm of online discourse and industry politics.
Through June’s razor-edged, often unreliable narration, the book interrogates who gets to tell which stories, how institutions package “diversity,” and the internet’s power to crown and to destroy. At its core are two gravitational figures: Athena, whose brilliance and mystique define the field June longs to dominate, and June herself, who will justify almost anything to be read and remembered. Both the satire and the suspense probe fame’s corrosive allure, the cost of artistic ambition, and the fragile borders between research, inspiration, and theft—without offering easy answers.
Plot Summary
June Hayward introduces herself against the meteoric success of Athena Liu, a former Yale acquaintance now celebrated as a literary prodigy. After a night of celebrating Athena’s Netflix deal, June visits Athena’s lavish apartment and glimpses her newly finished World War I manuscript about the Chinese Labour Corps. Their late-night pancake contest turns fatal when Athena chokes. EMTs cannot resuscitate her. Shocked and unmoored, June leaves with Athena’s manuscript in her bag—an act she instantly rationalizes but that will define everything that follows.
Publicly, June performs grief—posting a viral thread and giving a funeral eulogy at Mrs. Patricia Liu’s invitation. Privately, she reads the draft, recognizes its brilliance and messiness, and begins “finishing” it. What starts as a purported caretaking exercise becomes wholesale revision: she trims, restructures, and completes the novel in Athena’s style. June sends the manuscript to her agent, Brett Adams, as her own. When her previous editor passes, the book goes to auction and sells to Eden Press. June, rechristened as “Juniper Song” to signal a worldly brand, surfs a major marketing push and convinces herself her labor makes the book hers.
With editor Daniella Woodhouse, June sharpens the novel for commercial readability—clarifying language, renaming characters, softening slurs, cutting a graphic suicide, and replacing a didactic ending with a lyrical close. To shore up her public backstory, she amplifies a narrative of closeness to Athena, launches a scholarship in Athena’s name with Peggy Chan’s organization, and, crucially, persuades Patricia to keep Athena’s drafting notebooks out of a Yale archive that could expose stylistic overlaps. A sensitivity-reader dispute with assistant Candice Lee ends with Candice being removed from the project after she pushes for Chinese diaspora review. The publicity machine hums; early buzz soars.
Launch night is triumphant—national reviews, a packed Politics and Prose event—until June thinks she sees Athena in the front row and unravels. Still, The Last Front hits the bestseller list and stays there. At BookCon, June moves among the industry’s elite, rebuffs her former editor Garrett McKintosh, and luxuriates in vindication. She mentors Emmy Cho to “pay it forward,” even as an innocent question—“Are you white?”—exposes the tension between June’s persona and identity.
Backlash soon erupts. Critics including Adele Sparks-Sato, YouTuber Kimberly Deng, and Substack writer Xiao Chen denounce the novel’s framing and a kiss scene that becomes a meme. June projects calm at a Cambridge event, defending the right to write beyond one’s identity, but an online discourse snowballs. A community talk in Rockville initially grants her grace—an elder thanks her for telling the CLC’s story—yet shame overwhelms her and she flees. Hollywood interest from producers Justin and Harvey centers on star packaging and market-friendly changes; June, unprepared, cedes creative vision for the promise of momentum.
Then an anonymous Twitter account, @AthenaLiusGhost, accuses June of stealing the manuscript and of yellowface via her pen name. Brett counsels silence; June doomscrolls, terrified. A children’s library visit passes quietly, but a Virginia festival panel implodes when artist Diana Qiu publicly accuses June of stealing from a dead woman, with the audience recording. Desperate, June sets a honeypot website and lures @AthenaLiusGhost into clicking; her brother-in-law Tom traces the IP to Fairfax, and June suspects Athena’s ex, Geoffrey Carlino.
June meets Geoffrey, secretly records his attempted blackmail, and exposes his lack of proof. She posts a careful denial; sympathy drifts her way, the anonymous account vanishes, and Greenhouse sends a film option. Publicly exonerated, June now faces a different problem: the “ghost” of Athena in her head derails new work. She confesses she also took brainstorming pages from Athena. Using those scraps, June writes the novella Mother Witch, and recounts a college memory in which Athena mined June’s own trauma for a story—fuel for her ongoing self-justification. Mother Witch earns strong notices and seems to quiet doubts.
Adele then publishes evidence that Mother Witch’s opening lines came from an Athena workshop piece, complete with dated screenshots and corroboration. June’s industry circle evaporates. On a Zoom with Eden, legal advises revising the opening and laying low; Daniella and the team choose containment over confrontation. Patricia Liu refuses Adele access to Athena’s notebooks but coolly notes Athena would never have written something like Mother Witch. Paradoxically, right-wing attention boosts June’s sales even as her reputation craters. A clumsy research trip to Chinatown ends with June being recognized and ejected. She refuses a cynical dystopian IP pitch about China’s one-child policy.
At a Young AAPI Writers’ Workshop funded by the scholarship in Athena’s name, June briefly reconnects with teaching joy, then discovers students reading Adele’s blog. Vindictively, she humiliates Skylar Zhao in workshop and resigns under a false “family emergency” after complaints. Retreating to her mother’s home, June sifts old notebooks and argues with her practical, protective mom about quitting versus legacy; she admits needing to be read and fears her voice without Athena’s scaffolding.
Back in DC, a thoughtful anonymous Goodreads review about mixed authorship inspires June to draft a confessional novel that blurs truth and fiction. She posts about her productivity—then Athena’s dormant Instagram springs to life with taunting posts visible only to June. She suspects Geoffrey; he denies involvement and points out the images are photoshopped, while implicitly signaling he understands what she did. The posts escalate into horror vignettes. June spirals into Chinese ghost lore and rituals, mistakes Diana Qiu for Athena on the street, and finally messages the account. The “ghost” summons her to the Georgetown Exorcist steps.
At the steps, a disembodied voice in Athena’s media-poised cadence draws out June’s confession of envy and theft. The voice glitches; Candice Lee steps from the shadows. Candice admits she used a publicist’s login to commandeer Athena’s Instagram, faked the images, planted cameras, and recorded June’s confession—motivated by being blacklisted and punished after advocating for a sensitivity read and leaving a one-star ARC review. She intends to publish an exposé. Panicking, June attacks to seize the footage; they grapple by the stairs; Candice kicks free, and June pitches backward into empty air.
June awakens in the hospital with a broken clavicle and ankle. Records list an ice slip and an anonymous 911 call; there is no legal inquiry. Candice releases a New York Times interview with audio, inflates her role on the book, and sells a lavish memoir, with Daniella publicly signaling Eden’s interest. Weeks blur in medicated isolation as June contemplates suicide yet aches to answer. When Candice’s seven-figure deal is announced, June resolves to reclaim the narrative with her own counter-memoir—framing herself as the victim of a hoax and cancellation, betting that a forceful retelling can still win the story back.
Characters
- June Hayward
The narrator, a struggling white novelist rebranded as Juniper Song after a classmate’s sudden death. Her appropriation of Athena Liu’s WWI manuscript propels her to fame, then into backlash, paranoia, and a desperate bid to control the narrative through reinvention and confession.
- Athena Liu
A celebrated literary star whose sudden death leaves behind a brilliant WWI draft that becomes the core of June’s rise. Posthumously, Athena’s legacy, notes, and image are weaponized in debates over authorship and are later mimicked through a staged Instagram ‘haunting.’
- Brett Adams
June’s agent who champions The Last Front, orchestrates the auction, and repeatedly urges strategic silence during scandals. He later presses for follow-up projects and floats IP opportunities as June’s reputation implodes.
- Daniella Woodhouse
June’s editor at Eden who streamlines the manuscript into a commercial success and manages crises with containment. Publicly supportive of June, she later signals eagerness to acquire Candice Lee’s exposé to repair Eden’s image.
- Candice Lee
An editorial assistant who pushed for a sensitivity reader and was removed from June’s project, later blacklisted after a one-star ARC review. She commandeers Athena’s Instagram, records June’s confession at the Exorcist steps, and parlayes it into a high-profile exposé and memoir.
- Patricia Liu
Athena’s mother, who invites June to speak at the funeral and later, persuaded by June, keeps Athena’s notebooks out of a public archive. She refuses Adele access to the notebooks and coolly challenges June’s claims to originality.
- Emily
Eden’s publicist who rebrands June as Juniper Song and engineers an aggressive tour and media plan. She later shields June by declining most events and advising a low-profile approach during controversies.
- Jessica
Eden’s digital marketing lead who crafts June’s ‘worldly’ positioning and shepherds the online campaign. During crisis management, she aligns with editorial and legal on quiet containment.
- Garrett McKintosh
June’s disengaged first-book editor who passes on her new manuscript and later offers tepid congratulations. His misjudgment becomes a touchstone for June’s vindictive triumph at BookCon.
- Marnie Kimball
A bestselling author in June’s circle (Eden’s Angels) who urges her to ignore trolls and stay ‘classy.’ Initially a supportive confidante, she grows distant as June’s scandals escalate.
- Jen Walker
A memoirist-CEO in June’s orbit who offers tactical encouragement and helps polish June’s public statements. Like others, she recedes as accusations harden.
- Adele Sparks-Sato
A critic whose reviews crystallize the case against June’s historical framing and later expose Mother Witch’s copied opening with dated receipts. Her reporting accelerates June’s professional isolation.
- Kimberly Deng
A YouTuber whose detailed takedown catalogs cultural errors and amplifies the ‘Annie Waters’ meme. Her video helps catalyze the early online backlash.
- Xiao Chen
A polemical Substack writer who attacks June’s motives and ethics, adding ideological heat to the pile-on that reshapes public perception of The Last Front.
- Emmy Cho
June’s mentee in a diversity-focused program whose earnest questions—including whether June is white—highlight the dissonance in June’s public persona. She later ends the mentorship amid the plagiarism revelations.
- Geoffrey Carlino
Athena’s ex-boyfriend whom June suspects of running an anonymous smear account. He attempts to blackmail June but later denies involvement in the Instagram hoax and counsels disengagement.
- Peggy Chan
Head of an Asian American writers’ organization that accepts June’s scholarship in Athena’s name and later coordinates a teen workshop June abandons. She serves as a conduit between June and the communities June seeks to court.
- Dr. Gaily
June’s former therapist whose grounding checklist helps her manage panic after the book launch. Later, she can only offer referrals when June’s paranoia spirals.
- @AthenaLiusGhost
An anonymous Twitter account that accuses June of theft and yellowface, sparking a major scandal. Its disappearance after June’s public denial marks a temporary shift in public opinion.
- @NoHeroesNoGods
An anonymous account that attacks Athena’s politics posthumously, muddying the discourse and briefly diluting the moral clarity of accusations against June.
- Justin
A Greenhouse producer who courts June with star-driven packaging ideas for an adaptation, pushing market-friendly changes over fidelity to the book.
- Harvey
Justin’s colleague whose glib, insensitive pitches underline Hollywood’s calculus about diversity and global markets. He exemplifies the industry’s instrumental approach to story and identity.
- Lily Wu
An MIT student who publicly challenges June after a Cambridge event, sharpening the online narrative that June is an interloper profiting from others’ histories.
- Susan Lee
A community organizer who invites June to speak at the Rockville Chinese American Social Club. Her goodwill and a respectful audience heighten June’s impostor shame.
- Mr. James Lee
An elder attendee whose uncle served in the Chinese Labour Corps; his gratitude for remembrance pierces June’s defenses and precipitates her panicked flight.
- Ailin Zhou
A fellow panelist at the Virginia festival whose tense exchange with June over name pronunciation underscores respect politics. She withdraws from engaging further during the confrontation.
- Noor Rishi
A lawyer-author on the festival panel who tries to steady the session when accusations erupt, signaling professional norms June can no longer rely on.
- Annie Brosch
Moderator of the Virginia festival panel who attempts, unsuccessfully, to keep discussion on track as the session derails into public accusation.
- Marjorie Chee
A Yale librarian who arranged to archive Athena’s notebooks, an initiative June derails to protect herself from exposure.
- Rory
June’s pragmatic sister who handles her taxes and pushes for mental health support. Her home offers brief refuge, and her husband’s tech help advances June’s hunt for her accuser.
- Tom
June’s brother-in-law, an IT professional who geolocates the anonymous account’s IP after June’s honeypot trap, pointing her toward Geoffrey.
- Todd Byrne
Eden’s legal counsel who steers a risk-minimizing response to the Mother Witch plagiarism revelation: revise, issue a statement, and go quiet.
- Diana Qiu
An artist who publicly accuses June at a festival and later becomes the target of June’s misdirected street confrontation. Her Medium post advocating ‘amends’ crystallizes opposition to June.
Themes
Yellowface is a razor-edged satire of authorship, race, and the attention economy, told through June Hayward’s self-justifying voice as she ascends on the back of a dead friend’s work and then unravels. Across the chapters, the novel interrogates who gets to tell which stories, how institutions arbitrate legitimacy, and how the internet turns ethics into spectacle.
- Authorship, ownership, and theft: June’s “completion” of Athena’s WWI manuscript and her philosophical defense that “the living owe nothing to the dead” recast plagiarism as custodianship (1–4). Her refusal of a sensitivity reader and the meticulous rebranding as “Juniper Song” (5) expose a hunger not for truth but for permission. The Rockville church event (9) crystallizes the moral core: a community’s gratitude collides with June’s knowledge she does not rightfully hold their story.
- Publishing’s commodified diversity: Eden packages June as worldly, prints Chinese characters on the cover, and orchestrates list placements, confirming her realization that bestsellers are engineered (5–7). Film producers pitch marquee-friendly rewrites (10), revealing how representation is monetized. Later, the industry eagerly repurposes scandal—boosting June’s sales amid outrage (16–17) and racing to buy Candice’s exposé (24)—treating ethics as market opportunity.
- Identity as performance and mask: June studies Athena’s rise to craft her own persona (5,7), mentors for optics (7), and toggles between private whiteness and public proximity to Asian identity. The awkward revelation to the Rockville host that she isn’t Asian (9) and the ejection from Chinatown (17) puncture the performance, showing a brand at odds with the body wearing it.
- Digital spectacle and the reputation economy: Threads, takedowns, and sockpuppets (@AthenaLiusGhost, @NoHeroesNoGods) turn literary debate into a gladiatorial arena (8,11–14). The Virginia panel ambush (12) and June’s IP-trap counteroffensive (13–14) show how “proof” and narrative are crowdsourced, while silence and statement alike become content.
- Haunting as guilt made visible: Apparitions at her launch (6) and the Instagram “ghost” that culminates at the Exorcist steps (20–23) dramatize conscience as horror. That the ghost is Candice—armed with cameras and receipts—collapses supernatural into systemic, revealing June’s specter as the record itself. June’s final pivot to a counternarrative memoir (24) completes the cycle: even remorse is monetized.
- Art as extraction of pain: A flashback shows Athena harvesting war trauma and June’s freshman experience (8,15), complicating neat victim/perpetrator binaries. The novel insists that the question is not whether writers use others’ pain—they do—but who profits and under what power asymmetries.
By fusing horror grammar with industry satire, Yellowface exposes a marketplace where identity, outrage, and “truth” are fungible—until the receipts surface. Its deepest indictment is not of one thief, but of a system that rewards the best storyteller of the scandal.