Part IV

Characters

Lemuel Gulliver: the main character and narrator of the novel, a ship's surgeon

Gulliver's family and friends: the people who Gulliver returns to in England after his travels

The Houyhnhnms: intelligent horses on the land of the Houyhnhnms who are governed by rational rules

Themes

Human nature: Gulliver's experiences on the land of the Houyhnhnms highlight the complexities of human behavior and the influence of social and cultural factors on personal actions and beliefs, and his struggles to adjust to life among humans reflect the challenges of living up to the ideals of reason and virtue

Society and culture: Gulliver's reflections on his travels provide insight into different cultural values and beliefs about aging, death, and social status, and his criticism of human behavior and values reflects his own sense of disillusionment and disappointment

Power and authority: Gulliver's experiences on the land of the Houyhnhnms and his interactions with the small people and the giant people highlight the dangers of corruption and abuse of power, and the importance of responsibility and accountability in leadership

Language and communication: Gulliver's writing of his accounts of his travels reflects the importance of language and communication in understanding and sharing experiences and perspectives.

Summary