The First Ladies
by Marie Benedict
Contents
Chapter 13
Overview
In Washington, Mary reflects on a White House conference that ignored her plea for Black children. A newspaper report about white women organizing against lynching triggers her childhood memory of a friend’s lynching. Shaken but galvanized, Mary resolves to enlist Eleanor Roosevelt’s influence to fight lynching.
Summary
At the Whitelaw Hotel in Washington, Mary McLeod Bethune takes tea from Shirley, a young attendant who brings the Washington Post and the Pittsburgh Courier and asks for an autograph for her mother. Mary notes the progress embodied by the Black-owned hotel and recalls earlier segregation that barred her from such accommodations. She reflects on her recent appearance at a White House conference with President Hoover, where her appeal about the dire conditions facing Black children met polite indifference.
Reading the Washington Post, Mary takes in worsening economic news before a small headline seizes her attention: Southern women, led by Jessie Daniel Ames, have convened to confront lynching. The article’s stark statistics and its declaration that silence equals complicity strike Mary deeply, presenting an unexpected alignment of white women against racial terror.
The proclamation unlocks a searing memory from Mary’s childhood: at a mule auction, a confrontation leads a white mob to seize Mr. Lewis, her father Samuel’s friend. Her father flees with Mary, and that night the family keeps vigil, fearing retaliation. In hushed grief, they accept that Mr. Lewis was likely lynched; by morning, it is confirmed. The scene fixes Mary’s first intimate knowledge of lynching and her father’s anguish at his helplessness.
Back in the present, Mary weighs whether a group of white women can effect change, yet sees potential power if paired with a political ally. She resolves to speak with Eleanor Roosevelt that very day, hoping to harness Eleanor’s influence as a governor’s wife toward the cause of combating lynching.
Who Appears
- Mary McLeod BethuneReflects on a futile White House conference, reads anti-lynching news, recalls a childhood lynching, and plans to enlist Eleanor.
- Mr. LewisFather’s friend seized by a white mob after an altercation; lynched, imprinting Mary’s first direct knowledge of lynching.
- Samuel BethuneMary’s father; rescues Mary from the auction chaos, keeps vigil, and grieves his helplessness after Mr. Lewis is lynched.
- Grandma SophieUrges caution and vigil, consoling Samuel that survival protects the family amid the terror after the mob attack.
- Patsy BethuneMary’s mother; shares the night watch, fearing further violence and expressing hope for a mercifully quick death.
- ShirleyAttendant at the Whitelaw Hotel who brings newspapers and asks Mary to sign an article for her mother.
- Eleanor RooseveltTarget of Mary’s planned appeal; a governor’s wife whose influence Mary hopes to harness against lynching.
- Jessie Daniel AmesTexas activist organizing white women to oppose lynching; her declaration equating silence with culpability galvanizes Mary.
- President Herbert HooverHost of the conference where Mary’s plea for Black children met polite indifference from powerful men.
- Robert VannEditor of the Pittsburgh Courier who follows Mary’s travels; his paper features her White House appearance.