The First Ladies
by Marie Benedict
Contents
Chapter 65
Overview
Mary returns to the White House after a severe asthma crisis, fearing her relevance as New Deal agencies fade. Eleanor warmly reaffirms their partnership, reports the Justice Department has curbed the FBI’s probe, and proposes a campaign to deploy the Tuskegee Airmen. Leveraging a new draft order, they plan a Tuskegee visit to build public pressure.
Summary
On February 18, 1943, Mary arrives at the White House after four months of enforced rest following a life-threatening asthma attack. Though grateful to be alive, Mary worries that her federal influence has ended, with the NYA defunded and the Federal Council disbanded. Her anxiety eases when Eleanor greets her warmly, and they catch up on family matters, including Albert Bethune’s strict caretaking and Albert Jr.’s looming graduation and possible enlistment.
Eleanor notes relief that the Justice Department told the FBI to end its formal investigation of Mary. Mary expresses thanks but privately doubts the scrutiny is over, citing Congressman Dies’s ongoing accusations and the FBI’s evasive responses.
Eleanor then proposes a new joint effort, reminding Mary of the 1939 law that enabled Air Corps training at Black colleges and the creation of the 99th Pursuit Squadron at Tuskegee after Pearl Harbor. Despite segregation and poor conditions—problems William Hastie has tried to improve—the Tuskegee unit is exceptionally well trained.
Eleanor shares a letter from Tuskegee director Frederick D. Patterson reporting that the trained Black pilots are still being denied combat deployment. She points to a recent executive order allowing Black men to register for the draft without restrictions, including the Air Corps, as leverage. They decide to spotlight the Tuskegee pilots publicly to force action and plan a visit to Tuskegee, restoring Mary’s sense of purpose.
Who Appears
- Mary McLeod BethuneReturns after severe asthma, fears diminished role, reunites with Eleanor, and commits to advocating for Tuskegee Airmen.
- Eleanor RooseveltWarmly welcomes Mary, reports DOJ curbed FBI probe, and initiates a plan to spotlight and deploy Tuskegee pilots.
- Franklin D. RooseveltPreviously signed the 1939 training law and a recent draft EO enabling Black Air Corps service; target of advocacy.
- Frederick D. PattersonTuskegee director who alerts Eleanor that trained Black pilots are not being sent into combat.
- William HastieWar Department aide noted for efforts to improve Tuskegee conditions amid segregation and resistance.
- Albert BethuneMary’s son; enforced her rest during illness and shielded her from stress.
- Albert Bethune Jr.Mary’s grandson; supported her recovery, nearing Morehouse graduation, considering enlistment.
- Congressman Martin DiesContinues accusations against Mary, underscoring her suspicion that FBI scrutiny persists.