Cover of The First Ladies

The First Ladies

by Marie Benedict


Genre
Historical Fiction
Year
2023
Pages
401
Contents

Chapter 56

Overview

On Inauguration Day 1941, Mary and her son Albert clash over her work to reelect Franklin Roosevelt. Mary argues for pragmatic support despite Roosevelt’s segregationist allies, emphasizing programs that help Black Americans. After a tense but loving parting, she redoubles lobbying Eleanor and recommits to passing an anti-lynching bill, invoking Austin Callaway’s murder.

Summary

In Daytona Beach on January 20, 1941, Mary plays Billie Holiday’s "Strange Fruit" instead of listening to the inauguration. Her son Albert arrives and, reading the music and her absence as regret, asks if she rues helping reelect Franklin Roosevelt. Mary denies regret and notes she stayed home on her doctor’s advice.

Albert accuses Mary of taking Black votes from Republicans to Democrats who failed on anti-lynching and tolerate segregationists. Mary recalls the grueling campaign and how the Federal Council unified only after Roosevelt corrected Woodburn’s statement and publicly pledged changes in the military.

The debate intensifies: Albert cites Roosevelt’s segregationist company and the New York assault on a Black officer; Mary counters that Wendell Willkie’s late party switch undercut his claims and argues for supporting the party likely to do the most good or the least harm. Albert concedes it’s a hard choice, and they part on affectionate terms.

After he leaves, Mary reflects on her ongoing pressure on Eleanor Roosevelt—seeking a Black federal judgeship, more defense jobs for Black workers, and Eleanor’s presence at the Delta Sigma Theta convention—to seize opportunities even as war looms. She worries that her constant demands may strain their friendship.

Replaying "Strange Fruit," Mary recalls meeting the family of lynched teenager Austin Callaway during the campaign and the pain of asking them to back a president who let anti-lynching die. She resolves to continue the fight for federal anti-lynching legislation, regardless of who is president, keeping the song as a reminder.

Who Appears

  • Mary
    Activist and educator; defends support for FDR, debates Albert, recommits to anti-lynching and continued lobbying of Eleanor.
  • Albert
    Mary’s son; confronts her over Roosevelt’s record and segregation, then leaves on affectionate terms.
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt
    Offstage; newly inaugurated to a third term; subject of debate over segregation and Black advancement.
  • Eleanor Roosevelt
    Offstage ally; recipient of Mary’s persistent requests for appointments, defense jobs, and public support.
  • Billie Holiday
    Heard via records; her "Strange Fruit" frames Mary’s grief and resolve against lynching.
  • Austin Callaway
    Georgia teenager lynched; his murder galvanizes Mary’s vow to pass anti-lynching legislation.
© 2025 SparknotesAI